Walnuts, Juglone and Allelopathy

The common statement “nothing grows under walnut trees” is not true. “Walnuts produce juglone” is not entirely true either. “You need to compost walnut wood chips before using them in the garden” is false. “The allelopathic properties of walnuts are well understood” – not true.

This is a popular subject that is routinely discussed and written about, but the truth around walnut trees is anything but clear.

Black Walnut - Walnuts, Juglone and Allelopathy
Black Walnut – Walnuts, Juglone and Allelopathy

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Pulsatilla styriaca

Pulsatilla styriaca, by Robert Pavlis
Pulsatilla styriaca, by Robert Pavlis

Pulsatilla are great rock garden plants and any species or cultivar will make a good addition to your garden. They all flower early, and then produce lovely hairy seed heads. Pulsatilla styriaca is one of the earliest pulsatilla to bloom.

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Salts Don’t Kill Plants or Microbes

The idea that salts kill plants and microbes seems very prevalent, especially among organic growers. The topic is poorly understood and leads to a number of statements that are either false or mostly false.

“Fertilizer kills plants because it is a salt”

Farmer fields are devoid of microbes because of the salt in fertilizer”

“The NPK in manufactured fertilizer is made soluble by chemically attaching the NPK to salts”

“They [fertilizers] also make it easier for the chemicals to run off into waterways”

“Organic sources contain fewer salts”

“Organic sources are slow release”

“Fertilizers are designed to be highly soluble”

It’s time for a chemistry lesson to better understand salts, ions and the difference between synthetic and organic fertilizer.

Salts Don't Kill Plants
Salts Don’t Kill Plants

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Growing Under Walnut Trees

There is a very common myth that says, “nothing grows under walnut trees”, but that is far from being true. If you have walnut trees in your yard or the neighbors yard, you can still have a very lush garden and grow most things.

Gardening Under Walnut Trees, Garden of Phil Reilly
Gardening Under Walnut Trees, Phil Reilly’s Garden

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Bokashi vs Composting

Bokashi is a fermentation method used for processing kitchen scraps at home with minimal mess and no foul odors. Some claim that bokashi is a method of composting, but that is incorrect, as discussed in Bokashi Composting Myths.

What exactly is bokashi? We call it a fermentation process, but what does that mean? How does fermentation compare to composting on a molecular level? Does one method have advantages over the other?

bokashi vs composting, by GardenMyths.com

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Yucca glauca

Yucca glauca, by Robert Pavlis
Yucca glauca, by Robert Pavlis

Yucca glauca, an agave, is the hardiest yucca growing from Alberta, Canada all the way to Texas. You will either love or hate this plant depending on your appetite for desert-like plants. I love them for their spiky leaves and fantastic flowers. They are extremely drought tolerant and easy to grow.

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Winter Protection for Plants

If you garden in areas that get a cold winter you will be familiar with a number of winter protection schemes that are used in the garden. Humans get cold, so we think that plants also get cold and need a warm blanket, but a lot of winter protection practices are a waste of time. Many are poorly understood, so people keep doing them.

In this blog I will review what should and should not be done to protect plants in winter.

Winter protection for plants
Winter protection for plants

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Sunlight Calculator – Another Product You Don’t Need

Someone on a social site asked if anyone knew of a light meter that would measure the amount of light in their garden. I burst out in laughter thinking this was a great joke. Then someone posted a link to just such a product; the Sunlight Calculator. I cried. Are people really buying such a product?

Sunlight Calculator, a product you don't need
Sunlight Calculator, a product you don’t need, source: Incremental Tools

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Tighty Whitie Soil Test – A Brief Review

The tighty whity soil test is a great way to measure soil health and demonstrate the value of no-till gardening.

In this post, I will have a brief look at the science behind the test.

Tighty Whitie Soil Test - measures the microbe population in your soil
Tighty Whitie Soil Testโ€”measures the microbe population in your soil

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Does Sand and Clay Make Concrete?

What happens when you add sand to clay soil? Many people claim that this will make concrete and others say that it results in soil that is easier to dig. How can there be such large discrepancies about something that is so easy to test?

Why is this a problem? Gardeners with heavy clay find it difficult to dig, so they want to loosen it up. Sand is very easy to dig and it makes a lot of common sense to add it, to create a looser soil.

Soil texture triangle - sand and clay soil
Soil texture triangle – sand and clay soil

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Paeonia rockii

Paeonia rockii, from seed by Robert Pavlis
Paeonia rockii, from seed by Robert Pavlis

Paeonia rockii is a lovely tree peony that should be grown more. It can be difficult to find in a nursery, but those specializing in peonies will have it. The ones pictured here were grown from seed obtained from the Ontario Rock Garden Society Seedex program. The flowers are mostly white or light pink with dark maroon basal flares on the petals. There is some variation in flower form and coloration. One seedling from this group has red leaves in early summer.

The common name, tree peony, describes the woody stems that are produced, but it is probably more correct to call these shrubs, not trees. ย They do not need staking.

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Compost Tea – Does it Work?

Compost tea is all the rage but does it really work? Research studies so far have produced mixed results. The science to support the use of aerated tea on crop plants, lawns, shrubs, or trees is very weak, at best.

There seems to be a lot of work done in this area but much of it is not published in peer reviewed journals and most of it has been done in labs and greenhouses, not in the field. Until the work is repeated in the field we can’t conclude it works in gardens.

The other problem is that controls have been poorly selected. For example, in one study (ref 3) they compared ACT compost tea to water, using lettuce that had been under-fertilized. Guess what, compost tea improved growth. This only proves that adding nutrients, when they are deficient, will improve growth. The study never compared compost tea to adding nutrients in other ways.

In this post I will review one study that compared the use of compost to compost tea, in field conditions.

Effects of compost tea on the growth of trees, by Garden Myths (data from reference 2)
Effects of compost tea on the growth of trees, by Garden Myths (data from reference 2)

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